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New Cold War: Mapping 6 Hotspots in the U.S.-Russian Arms Race

Despite renewed friction between Russia and the United States, the specter of open conflict has faded since the days of the Cold War. However, equipment designed by the two nations remains on opposite sides of 21st-century battlefields. This isn't surprising: America is the top vendor of major conventional weapons, and Russia ranks number two. Both countries share a legacy of making military equipment to counter the other's capabilities and a long history of parlaying arms sales into geopolitical influence. These deals, sanctioned by both national governments, are extensions of foreign policy. A resurgent Russia wants cash and international influence, while the United States hopes to link its defense industries with foreign customers and simultaneously offer perks to allies.

Published in the July 2008 issue.

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How Governments Sell Weapons

U.S.: Arms vendors have two ways to sell to other nations. Foreign Military Sales are government-to-government agreements negotiated by the Pentagon. Direct Commercial Sales are negotiated between manufacturers and buyers and are licensed by the State Department. Congressional approval is required for sales over $14 million; some allies enjoy a higher limit.

Russia: In 2000, Russia's two state-run arms dealers merged into the Rosoboronexport State Corporation. The company is steadily exerting greater control over the management of arms manufacturing companies, aligning the nation's geopolitical and financial goals.

Arms Sales

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